History of Sudan

Sudan's International Relations: Sudan's Darfur Crisis has penetrated almost all of its bordering nations. Due to the ethnic and rebel militia fighting, the border states have provided shelter for many fleeing refugees. Janjawid armed militia and Sudanese military have driven about 200,000 Darfur region refugees into eastern Chad; large numbers of Sudanese refugees have also fled to Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya, the Central African Republic, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 

Market Economy: Sudan adopted the market economy in 1992 and the country's rate of growth of GDP averaged 5.6% during the 1995-1999 period. Sudan has adopted a federal system of government that has allocated financial resources in the States Development Fund to cater for economic development activities.

Government: Sudan used to be under control of Egypt and Britain but in 1953, Sudan gained independence. Since independence, Sudan has been ruled by a series of unstable parliamentary governments and military regimes. Under Maj. Gen. Gaafar Mohamed Nimeiri, Sudan instituted fundamentalist Islamic law in 1983. Sudan then experienced a very brutal and horrific civil war that lasted for several years. Then, In April 2010, Bashir easily won Sudan's first multi-party elections since 1986, with 68% of the vote. Several opposition parties boycotted the election, and international observers questioned the fairness of it, citing ballot-box stuffing and other allegations of fraud. Bashir's supporters cite the marked improvement in infrastructure completed during his presidency—new schools, hospitals, and roads. All are products of the oil boom.

http://ciaworldfactbook.us/africa/sudan